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The first thing that comes to our mind for the term programming language is C. It is a decade old general-purpose high-level programming language which has defied all norms of popularity. The language has been given the name C because it succeeds another language called B. C is one of the most popular computer programming languages which has existed since the last 44 years. It was created by the famous American programmer Dennis Ritchie – with the help of Ken Thompson – while working at Bell Labs. Most of us have this curiosity that why is the programming language named after a single alphabet. And why it is C, not any other letter. Anyways, we would have questioned the name of the programming language even if a different letter was used. So, let’s focus on the story instead. The naming of C doesn’t involve any crunchy fiction story, like in the case the Linux Penguin Tux. It is said Linus Torvalds, the creator of Linux, contracted penguinitis after a man-eating penguin running at ...

Learning coding  from scratch could be a tough task and it could take years of hard work to master a language. So here I am going to address the biggest problem a beginner faces: How to pick up my first programming language? R ecently I came across with a very enriching infographic that addressed the same question.  Udacity  has utilized the date of the top ten programming languages in the US (provided by IEEE Spectrum) to pick the best programming language for you as a beginner. The basis on which this infographic is made varies from location, your lifestyle and the potential growth in career after selecting that particular language. Based on the flexibility, Python or C++ comes first as it allows you work on the variety of fields such as gaming to making of embedded systems. JS or PHP prepares you for a web development career. Similar observations and trends are made based on the  average pay per year,  geography and popularity. Take a look at the infographic ...

Press the “up” arrow in the Mac or Linux command line and you’ll see the last command you ran. Keep pressing “up” and you’ll see more commands; you can go back days, months, or even years. This is called your history, and it’s very convenient. If you made a mistake typing a long command, simply press “up” and fix the problem. If you want to re-connect to an SSH server you used the other day, simply press “up” until you see the relevant command. It’s useful, but there’s also a potential security problem here, particularly if you accidentally typed a password in plain text at some point. How does one clear this history? Long story short, you can do so with two commands:  history -c , followed by  rm ~/.bash_history . Here’s what those commands do, for greater clarity. Clear the Current Session’s History Your history can be broke down into two chunks. There’s your current sessions’ history, and there’s your long-term history. Our first command,  history -c , deals with the c...

Readability is the path to more interesting projects within a career. Readability is the path to knowing what you wrote 5 years ago, and makes code reuse actually viable Readability is the path to acquiring protégées that can learn from your style. Readability that is understandable by others allows people to appreciate your code at a level of architecture, not just functional. Readability is the path of lease resistance when you have a bug in your code. Readability is the how you put ideas into understandable text and syntax, much like writing a paragraph in natural language. Readability is somehow not a priority for most other developers, however it’s probably pretty important to your development director, if you work for one. Readability is more important than most believe. With moore’s law, it’s even more important to focus on readability than pre-mature optimization. Here’s more: Most schools and colleges teach computer science like trade school skills. How to fix a car. How to be...

Every hacking beginner can have plenty of doubts like: “Which programming language should I learn for Hacking ?”, Programming Languages For Hacking: 1# For Web App / Pentesting / Hacking: HTML:  Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) is the basics for creating web pages and other information that can be displayed in a web browser. So if you don’t know HTML you should first learn it. JavaScript:  Learning JavaScript. It will help you to understand the basics of Cross Site Scripting. PHP / SQL:  The majority of web applications are written using PHP and MySQL. So it is a must to learn PHP. 2# For Writing/Understanding Exploits, Shell Codes, Rootkits etc: C & C++:  More than 60 % of the exploits you will find on the web are written in C & C ++. Learning C & C++ will help you to understand about Buffer overflows, Stack overflow etc – so learning C and C ++ is a must for every Hacker/Pentester. Assembly:  Learning assembly will help you in Writing/understanding...